Jewish Lexicon Project
Throughout history, Jews have distinguished their language from that of their non-Jewish neighbors in many ways, including words from Hebrew, Aramaic, and other languages. To highlight these distinctive words, we have created the Jewish Lexicon Project. The project currently includes online collaborative dictionaries for five contemporary Jewish languages. Think of them as the Wikipedia/Urban Dictionary of Jewish languages.
Please browse these dictionaries - and offer suggested edits and additions.
Jewish Latin American Spanish
Jewish French
Jewish Russian
Jewish Swedish
In addition, we have compiled a list of other dictionaries: online, in print, and Hebrew words in Jewish languages.
Other online dictionaries
Hebrew
Hebrew WordNet: MILA Corpora of Written and Spoken Hebrew
Jewish Aramaic / Judeo-Aramaic
Yiddish
Comprehensive Yiddish-English Dictionary
Harkavy Yiddish-English English-Yiddish Dictionary
Judeo-Spanish
Diksionario de Ladinocomunita (translates Judeo-Spanish terms to Spanish, English, and Turkish)
Print Dictionaries of Jewish Languages
Haketía
Bendayan de Bendelac, Alegría. Diccionario del Judeoespañol de los Sefardies del Norte de Marruecos. Caracas: Centro de Estudios Sefardíes de Caracas, 1995.
Benharroch, Isaac. Diccionario de Haquetía. Caracas: Asociación Israelita de Venezuela y Centro de Estudios Sefardíes, 2004.
Bentolila, Yaakov. Diccionario del elemento hebreo en la haketía. Córdoba: UCOPress, 2015.
Judeo-Arabic
Henshke, Yehudit. Lashon ‘ivri be-dibur ‘aravi: Otsar ha-milim ha-‘ivri ba-‘aravit ha-meduberet shel yehude tunisyah. Jerusalem: Mosad Byalik, 2007.
Jewish Aramaic
Mutzafi, Hezy. The Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Koy Sanjaq (Iraqi Kurdistan): Phonology, Morphology, Text, and Glossary. PhD Dissertation, Tel Aviv University, 2000.
Sabar, Yona. A Jewish Neo-Aramaic Dictionary: Dialects of Amidya, Dihok, Nerwa and Zakho, Northwestern Iraq. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz. 2002.
Sokoloff, Michael. A Dictionary of Jewish Palestinian Aramaic of the Byzantine Period. Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press, 1990.
Sokoloff, Michael. A Dictionary of Jewish Babylonian Aramaic of the Talmudic and Geonic Periods. Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press, 2002.
Jewish English
Glinert, Lewis. The Joys of Hebrew. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Weiser, Chaim. Frumspeak: The First Dictionary of Yeshivish. Northvale, NJ: Jason Aronson, 1995.
Steinmetz, Sol. Dictionary of Jewish Usage: A Guide to the Use of Jewish Terms. Rowman and Littlefield. 2005
Scolnic, Ellen. Dictionary of Jewish Words (A JPS Guide). Jewish Publication Society. 2006.
Judeo-French
Kiwitt, Marc. Les gloses françaises du glossaire biblique B.N. hébr. 301. Édition critique partielle et étude linguistique. Heidelberg, 2013.
Lambert, L. & Brandin, M. 1905 [1977]. Glossaire hébreu-français du XIIIe siècle. Paris (reprint Geneva: Slatkine), 2013.
Judeo-Gascon
Nahon, Peter. Gascon et français chez les israélites d’Aquitaine. Documents et inventaire lexical. Journal of Jewish Languages, 2018.
Jewish Hungarian
Oláh, János. Kicsi zsidó-magyar vademecum [Little Jewish-Hungarian Handbook]. Budapest: Gabbiano Print, 2020.
Szentgyörgyi, R. Héber-jiddis jövevényszavak gyűjteménye [Collection of Hebrew-Yiddish loanwords]. Budapest: Author [Includes English and German translations], 2005.
Judeo-Italian
Aprile, Marcello. Grammatica storica delle parlate giudeo-italiane. Galatina: Congedo Editore, 2012.
Judeo-Tajik/Bukharian
Gulkarov, J. Etymological Dictionary of Bukharan-Russian-English-Hebrew. Tel-Aviv, 1998.
Judeo-Tat/Juhuri
Agarunov, Yakov M. and Mikhail Y. Agarunov. Большой словарь языка горских евреев джуури / Kələ lyqət zuhun çuhuri. Pjatigorsk: RIA-KMV, 2010.
Gavrilov, B.G. and A.B. Izgijaeva. Орфографически гофноме: зугьун тати / Орфографический словарь татского языка. Makhachkala: Daguchpedgiz, 1995.
Ifraimov, I.I. Татско-русский иллюстрированный словарь для детей / Гофгьой таты нэ урусинэ э суротгьовоз эри гIэилгьо. Nalchik: Nart, 1991.
Itzhaki, Rabbi Ya’akov. אוצר המילים של השפה התאתית־יהודית. Edited with an Introduction and Notes by Michael Zand. Jerusalem: Ben-Zvi Institute and the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, 2016.
Izgijaeva, Edeso. Татско-русский и русско-татский словарь. Татский язык горских евреев Кавказа. Makhachkala: Jupiter, 2005.
Judezmo/Judeo-Spanish/Ladino
Bunis, David M. Ha-yesodot ha-‘ivriyim veha-aramiyim ba-sefardit ha-yehudit ha-hadashah. Jerusalem: Magnes, 1993.
Benchimol, Maymon & Koen-Sarano, Matilda. Vocabulario Djudeo-Espanyol (Ladino) - Ebreo, Ebreo - Djudeo-Espanyol (Ladino). Beer Sheva: Ben-Gurion University Press, 1999.
Bendayan de Bendelac, Alegría. Diccionario del Judeoespañol de los Sefardies del Norte de Marruecos. Caracas: Centro de Estudios Sefardíes de Caracas, 1995.
Nehama, Joseph. Dicctionaire du Judeo-Espagnol. Madrid: CSIC, 1977.
Pascual Recuero, Pascual. Diccionario básico Ladino-Espanol. Barcelona: Ameller Ediciones, 1977.
Passy, Albert M. Sephardic Folk Dictionary English to Ladino - Ladino to English. Los Angeles: Author, 1999.
Perahya, Klara, Meranda, Ruti, Danon, Suzi, Sedaka, Regine, & Zakuto, Çela. Diksyonaryo/Sözlük Judeo-Espanyol - Türkçe / Türkçe- Judeo-Espanyol. Istanbul: Gozlem Gazetecilik Basin Yayin, 1997.
Perahya, Klara & Perahya, E. Dictionnaire Français Judeo-Espagnol. Paris: Langues et Mondes, 1998.
Romano, Samuel. Dictionary of Spoken Judeo-Spanish - French - German. Jerusalem: Misgav Yerushalayim, 1995 [1933].
Yiddish
Beinfeld, Solon. & Bochner, Harry. (eds.). Comprehensive Yiddish-English Dictionary. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2013.
Schaechter-Viswanath, Gitl. & Glasser, Paul. (eds.). Comprehensive English-Yiddish Dictionary. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2016.
Weinreich, Uriel. Modern English-Yiddish Yiddish-English Dictionary. New York: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, 1968.
Harkavy, Alexander. Yiddish-English-Hebrew Dictionary. New York: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research, 1982 [1928].
Stutchkoff, Nahum. דער אוצר פֿון דער ייִדישער שפּראַך. New York: YIVO Institute for Jewish Research,1950.
Print Dictionaries of Hebrew-Aramaic Words in Jewish Languages
Comparative
Maman, Aharon, ed. Milon mashveh la-markiv ha-ʻivri bilshonot ha-yehudim: ʻal yesod ha-osef shel Prof. Shelomo Morag z”l. Edah Ve-lashon 31. Jerusalem: Magnes, 2019 (revised edition).
Haketía
Bentolila, Yaakov. Diccionario del elemento hebreo en la haketía. Córdoba: UCOPress, 2015.
Judeo-Arabic
Henshke, Yehudit. Lashon ‘ivri be-dibur ‘aravi: Otsar ha-milim ha-‘ivri ba-‘aravit ha-meduberet shel yehude tunisyah. Jerusalem: Mosad Byalik, 2007.
Jewish English
Glinert, Lewis. The Joys of Hebrew. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
Judeo-Italian
Aprile, Marcello. Grammatica storica delle parlate giudeo-italiane. Galatina: Congedo Editore, 2012.
Judezmo/Judeo-Spanish/Ladino
Bunis, David M. Ha-yesodot ha-‘ivriyim veha-aramiyim ba-sefardit ha-yehudit ha-hadashah. Jerusalem: Magnes, 1993.
Yiddish
Niborski, Isidoro. Verterbukh fun loshn-koydesh-shtamike verter in yidish. Paris: Medem Bibliotek, 2012.